Which of the following factories in Bengal was established by the Portuguese?

Key Fact(s)

The Portuguese factory at Hooghly (Hugli) was established during the early phase of European expansion in Bengal. Situated on the Hooghly River, it provided strategic access to inland trade routes connected to the Ganga–Brahmaputra system. The Portuguese used Hooghly as a center for trade in textiles, rice, sugar, and spices. Over time, the settlement grew into a fortified commercial hub, reflecting Portuguese attempts at economic and maritime dominance. However, Portuguese activities, including piracy and interference in local politics, led to conflict with the Mughal authorities. Eventually, the Portuguese were expelled from Hooghly in 1632, marking the decline of their influence in Bengal.