Which of the following statements is/are correct with reference to the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748)?

1. The First Carnatic War was ended.
2. The English got back Madras.

Key Fact(s)

The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748) was signed to end the War of Austrian Succession in Europe, and its provisions were extended to colonial possessions, including India. As a direct consequence, the First Carnatic War (1746–1748) came to an end, making statement 1 correct.

Under the treaty, the French returned Madras to the English East India Company, in exchange for Louisbourg in North America, thereby validating statement 2. Although the treaty restored the status quo ante, it failed to resolve the underlying Anglo-French rivalry in India. This unresolved tension later led to the Second Carnatic War.